The conditions of one’s purification) including ablution and the purificatory bath (to be valid are:) five matters: The first condition is (To be Muslim;) hence, the purification of the blasphemer from both the minor and the major ritual impurity is invalid. The second condition is (To be at the age of mental discrimination;) hence, the purification of the non-mentally discriminate…

The obligations) i.e. the integrals (of the purificatory bath (ghusl) are two:) (1. To have the intention to clear oneself of the state of major ritual impurity (hadath akbar), or a similar intention;) among the valid intentions; like for example to intend the obligatory purificatory bath or the mandatory (wajib) purificatory bath or for one to intend to make prayer…

(Among the conditions) i.e. for the validity (of prayer is purification from the state of major ritual impurity) which occurs (by performing the purificatory bath (ghusl) or dry purification (tayammum) is performed if one cannot perform ghusl.) (One is required to perform the purificatory bath after any of these five (5) matters occurs:) Two of which occur in both men…

Cleaning Oneself after Defecation and Urination (Istinja’)) a chapter in explaining that which necessitates Istinja’ and in elucidating its conditions.   (Istinja’ is obligatory) when wanting to start praying, (of any wet material) that contaminates the eliminatory outlets, (emitting from any of the two eliminatory outlets), the penis/ vagina, or the anus, whether it was common, like urine, or not,…

Ablution is invalidated by:) Four things, one of them being:   (1. The emission of anything from the eliminatory outlets,) i.e. the penis or vagina and anus, whether it was common occurrence or uncommon, and whether it was an entity or passing wind; (except maniyy.) i.e. the maniyy of the person himself, because according to Imam ashShafi^iyy, may Allah raise…

Ablution is invalidated by:) Four things, one of them being:   (1. The emission of anything from the eliminatory outlets,) i.e. the penis or vagina and anus, whether it was common occurrence or uncommon, and whether it was an entity or passing wind; (except maniyy.) i.e. the maniyy of the person himself, because according to Imam ashShafi^iyy, may Allah raise…

(Ablution is one of the conditions) for the validity (of prayer.) Ablution is using water on specific organs beginning with a specific intention. (The integrals of ablution are six: 1. According to Imam ash-Shafi^iyy[1], to have the intention of purification for prayer) in the heart (–or any equivalent intention—) like to intend ablution, or the obligation of ablution, or intending…